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Upper Intermediate
The third conditional (If + past perfect, would have + past participle) talks about an unreal past situation and its imagined (but impossible now) result — often used to express regret.
Mixed conditionals combine a condition in one time frame with a result in another — often a past condition with a present result, or a present/general condition with a past result.
Inversion swaps the normal subject-verb order for emphasis, usually after a negative or restrictive adverbial (never, rarely, not only, no sooner) placed at the start of a sentence.
Cleft sentences split one idea into two clauses to emphasize a specific part of it. "It is/was...that/who" highlights a specific element; "What...is/was" highlights an action or thing.
Advanced passive structures include passive modals (should be done), passive with reporting verbs (is said to be), and passive infinitives/gerunds (wants to be chosen, dislikes being told).