مختصر متعلقہ جملے (Reduced Relative Clauses)

ایک مختصر متعلقہ جملہ متعلقہ ضمیر اور معاون فعل کو چھوڑ دیتا ہے، اس کی بجائے ایک participle استعمال کرتا ہے — فعال معنی کے لیے -ing شکل، اور غیر فعال معنی کے لیے past participle استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

Examples

• The man standing by the door is my uncle. (= who is standing)
• The letter written in French was hard to read. (= that was written)
• Passengers wishing to board should line up here. (= who wish)
• The bridge damaged in the storm is now closed. (= that was damaged)
• Anyone caught littering will be fined. (= who is caught)

Common Mistakes

Practice

Mini Quiz